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碳捕集项目即将出现大热潮_我的网站

A |     With a Tory leadership contest in full swing, former Chancellor Rishi Sunak has pledged to slash the basic rate of income tax by 20% by 2029 if he becomes UK prime minister, the largest such reduction in 30 years.,“What I’m putting to people today is a vision to deliver the biggest income tax cut since Margaret Thatcher’s government. It is a radical vision but also a realistic one, and there are some core principles that I’m simply not prepared to compromise on, whatever the prize,” Sunak emphasized.,Thatcher was Prime Minister of the UK from 1979 to 1990.,The ex­­-Chancellor also promised that if he prevails in the Tory leadership race, he will “never get taxes down in a way that just puts inflation up.” The 42-year-old added that he will “never make promises” he “can’t pay for” and he will “always be honest about the challenges” Britain faces.,Rishi Sunak Seeks to Crack Down on Foreign Lawbreakers, Increase Number of Deportations29 July, 09:11 GMT,“Because winning this leadership contest without levelling with people about what lies ahead would not only be dishonest – it would be an act of self-sabotage that condemns us to defeat at the next general election,” Sunak pointed out.,The Daily Mail cited an unnamed source from Foreign Secretary Liz Truss’s Tory leadership campaign as accusing Sunak of offering ‘jam tomorrow’.,“It’s welcome that Rishi has performed another U-turn on cutting tax, it’s only a shame he didn’t do this as chancellor when he repeatedly raised taxes. The public and Conservative Party members can see through these flip-flops,” the source argued.,This was echoed by Simon Clarke, chief secretary to the Treasury, who underscored that they “cannot afford to wait to help families, they need support now.” He made it clear that “Liz will cut taxes in seven weeks, not seven years.”,Sunak and Truss repeatedly locked horns over the tax issue during live TV debates last month, with the foreign secretary, in particular, accusing the former Chancellor of raising taxes “to the highest level in 70 years,” which is “not going to drive economic growth.”,Sunak claimed that the UK’s massive tax burden was the result of the unprecedented levels of government spending aimed at keeping the national economy afloat amid the coronavirus pandemic. Truss said that no other country was raising taxes, and accused Sunak of having no clear-cut plan for economic growth.,Meanwhile, voting ballots will start landing on doorsteps of Tory members starting Monday, with many of them expected to return the papers long before the September 2 deadline.,Sunak Unveils 10-Point Border Security Plan as Truss May Turn to Foreign Policy in Fight for PM Seat24 July, 06:12 GMT,Sunak and Truss are now two remaining candidates in the race to replace Boris Johnson as Conservative Party leader and prime minister. Both secured their places in the final two in July, when Trade Minister Penny Mordaunt was knocked out in the fifth round of voting by Conservative MPs.,The two contenders are set to spend the next few weeks campaigning for the votes of about 180,000 Conservative Party members around the country, who will vote by postal or online ballot. The winner of the party leadership race, who will be announced on September 5th, is due to automatically become UK prime minister.。    资料图根据倡导碳捕集与封存(CCS)的智囊团Global CCS Institute的一份新报告，在全球范围内，捕集和封存加热地球的二氧化碳的能力在过去12个月内增长了44%。这包括从最臭名昭著的污染源的烟囱排放中清除二氧化碳的项目：发电厂、天然气加工厂、炼油厂、氢气生产商、水泥和钢铁厂以及石化和合成肥料制造商。现在，只有30个CCS设施在运行，11个正在建设。但根据全球CCS研究所的数据，还有153个碳捕集与封存项目正在开发中。在全球196个在建项目中，仅在2022年就有61个新项目开始实施。纵观报告中列出的2022年正在运行或正在建设的CCS设施，The Verge发现，大多数项目都跟石油和天然气纠缠在一起。约60%的项目是由化石燃料公司和/或旨在捕获来自化石燃料发电厂、石油化工设施以及跟化石燃料相关的工业化肥和氢气生产等主要气体消费行业的排放。其中30个设施已经使用或计划使用捕获的碳来进行一种叫做强化采油的过程，在这种过程中，化石燃料公司将二氧化碳射入地下以推高难以到达的石油。有了这些数字，难怪一些环保组织对碳捕集作为一种气候解决方案持怀疑态度。许多人担心该技术只会加深经济对化石燃料的依赖，而不是帮助迎来一个更清洁能源的时代。像这些团体称碳捕集技术不是化石燃料的万能药有几个原因：首先，它通常不能百分之百地捕获像工业工厂这样的污染源产生的二氧化碳。如在路易斯安那州最大的工业温室气体排放源--一家合成氨厂建造碳捕集设施的计划，在完成后应该每年捕集200万公吨的二氧化碳--尽管该厂在一年中产生了1000万公吨的温室气体。而这只是把二氧化碳考虑在内。氨厂还位于路易斯安那州的“癌症巷”中，这是一条85英里的“化学走廊”，上面布满了炼油厂和石化厂，这些工厂排放的空气污染物与该州较高的癌症发病率有关。

B | 非营利组织Center for International Environmental Law的总裁兼CEO Carroll Muffett上周在路易斯安那州的项目宣布后对The Verge说：“像这样的项目是一个大规模的环保工具。”使用像太阳能和风能这样的可再生能源--而不是把煤炭、石油和天然气与碳捕获作为一种绷带--可以防止使地球变热和毒害社区的污染。可以肯定的是，碳捕集作为最后的努力对那些不能轻易使用太阳能和风能来点燃火炉的行业的去碳化带来一些乐观的看法。

C | 还有其他一些努力用来消除我们在历史上直接泵入大气的一些二氧化碳排放--其中一些已经开始从化石燃料行业中脱离出来。但这些用于碳捕集和清除的用途仍然只占正在进行的碳捕集项目的较小部分。目前看来，碳捕集技术主要是帮助化石燃料在我们的能源经济中保持其立足点--甚至是在努力清理尤其造成的混乱。

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